Centre for Cellular and Molecular Platforms (C-CAMP) in Bengaluru. C-CAMP said that the national Anti-microbial Resistance (AMR) Challenge was launched in August 2024.
| Photo Credit: SPECIAL ARRANGEMENT
Three Bengaluru-based institutions, including the Indian Institute of Science (IISc.), are among the winners of the Centre for Cellular and Molecular Platforms (C-CAMP) Anti-microbial Resistance (AMR) Challenge 2024-25.
C-CAMP said that the national AMR Challenge was launched in August 2024. They received about 200 applications from innovators and start-ups across India for funding and ecosystem support to enable scale up, production, adoption and societal integration of winning solutions to tackle AMR in the environment.
The nine winners
Of them, nine were declared winners of the C-CAMP AMR Challenge 2024-25.
The winners are:
Indian Institute of Science (IISc) for tackling AMR emergence through effluent treatment using robust catalytic enzyme mimetics. The MONZymes based technology, as developed by Dr. Subinoy Rana and his team, is capable of effectively degrading residual antibiotics from effluent wastewater and also exhibit antibacterial activity, through advanced (photo)catalytic activity.
Foundation for Neglected Diseases Research (FNDR) for developing a device to deplete antimicrobial residues from wastewater, using a cartridge-based device with a patented mixture of activated charcoal and plant-based materials.
Biomoneta Research Private Limited: qAMI (Quantitative Airborne Microbial Index) for coming up with a singular technology combining detection of air-borne total microbial load and pathogenic microbes in hospital set-ups, using AI/ML platform and encompassing different microbial attributes, combined with the classic microbiological approach.
D-NOME Private Limited for its D-NOME’s pocket PCR device, which can help in rapid and accurate on-field detection and identification of Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria (ARB) & Antibiotic Resistance Genes (ARGs) in aquaculture farms and other wastewater sources.
Vividew Innovations Private Limited for its novel innovation to remove residual antibiotics & antibiotic-resistant bacteria from wastewater in hospital sewage treatment plants (STPs).
Diagopreutic Private Limited for its detection of residual antibiotic and pathogen identification in water samples from aquaculture farm effluents, using a colorimetric method, based on the differential nitro-reductase activity of the bacteria and their ability to grow in presence of the specific antibiotic.
Mylab Discovery Solutions Private Limited for its rapid detection of pathogens from wastewater samples, and detection of environment-related ARGs. The technology involves an in-house developed nucleic acid extraction kit and an advance multiplexed quantitative RT-PCR technology, capable of identifying a diverse array of pathogens as well as an extensive spectrum of ARGs.
Huwel Life Sciences Private Limited: Quantiplus® Environmental Surveillance Kit for Real-Time PCR detection for typhoid and ARGs in environmental samples. The RT-PCR kit detects a wide spectrum of ARGs, as well as the typhoid specific gene along with its resistance genes.
Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeeth for the development of affordable POT (Point of Testing) device for monitoring of AMR in the environment, by an impedance-based microfluidic device, using a lytic phage-based detection technology. The innovation, as proposed by Dr. Bipin Nair and his team, is capable of detecting and identifying various pathogens of clinical relevance and can be used for rapid and accurate detection of specific bacteria.
Nature of support
The winners will be supported by C-CAMP in India in collaboration with the UK Department of Health and Social Care’s Global AMR Innovation Fund (GAMRIF) to foster the identification and development of world-class AMR-focused innovative solutions to tackle various aspects of AMR in the environment in India, and for the benefit of low and middle-income countries (LMICs).
“Antimicrobial resistance in the environment is a serious issue because of unchecked effluents from agriculture and industry reaching our water bodies, air and land. The problem has assumed alarming proportions across the entire world. I am heartened to see that innovators and scientists in India are developing cutting-edge innovations that hold promise not only in India and LMICs, but for the world,” said Prof. Ajay K. Sood, principal Scientific Adviser to the Govt. of India.
As we step into 2025, hot and cold ACs are becoming a must-have for modern homes, giving us the power to tackle both sweltering summers and chilly winters with ease. Why deal with two separate units when you can have one smart solution for year-round comfort? Top brands like LG, Voltas, and Blue Star are leading the charge, packing advanced features and energy-saving designs into their all-in-one air conditioners.
Enjoy all-season comfort with the best hot and cold ACs in 2025.
If you’re looking for a cool breeze to beat the heat or a warm embrace to fight off the cold, these versatile ACs are up for the job. In this article, we’ll help you discover the best models to keep you comfy through every season of 2025.
Let’s explore the best hot and cold AC options in this article.
The LG 1.5 ton 3 star Hot and Cold AC provides comfort year-round, with both cooling and heating capabilities. Its 5-in-1 convertible feature adapts to different needs, while the HD filter with anti-virus protection ensures clean air.
The 4 way swing ensures even airflow, making it ideal for all seasons. This model stands out as one of the best hot and cold ACs in 2025, combining cooling and heating without compromising on space.
What are buyers saying on Amazon?
Buyers appreciate the air quality and even cooling provided by the LG 1.5 Ton AC. Many note its excellent heating performance during winters.
Why choose this product?
This product offers year-round comfort, combining cooling and heating with reliable features and easy installation.
The Panasonic 1.5 ton Hot and Cold AC with Wi-Fi and True AI Mode offers year-round comfort. Featuring 7-in-1 convertible cooling, it adapts to changing needs. The PM 0.1 Air Purification Filter ensures clean air while the copper condenser adds durability.
This unit is one of the best hot and cold ACs in 2025, combining smart technology and effective cooling and heating for complete comfort in any season. With its advanced features and reliable performance, this AC ensures a seamless experience for both hot and cold weather conditions, making it a top choice for 2025.
What are buyers saying on Amazon?
Buyers praise its smart features and consistent heating and cooling throughout the year. The air purification filter is also well-regarded.
Why choose this product?
It provides flexible cooling and heating with smart features, offering comfort with a focus on air quality and ease of use.
The Daikin 1.5 ton 3 star Hot and Cold Inverter Split AC is designed to keep you cool in the summer and warm during the winter. Equipped with a PM 2.5 filter, it ensures cleaner air quality while its copper condenser promises long-term durability. It stands out as one of the best hot and cold ACs in 2025, offering efficient cooling and heating with inverter technology.
This unit adjusts to seasonal changes effortlessly, using inverter tech to maintain low energy consumption while operating quietly. Ideal for homes seeking reliable, year-round air conditioning.
What are buyers saying on Amazon?
Buyers praise the Daikin 1.5 ton 3 star hot and cold Inverter Split AC for its effective cooling, heating, and air quality improvement with its PM 2.5 filter and energy-saving inverter.
Why choose this product?
The Daikin 1.5 ton hot and cold AC is a reliable, energy-efficient choice with a copper condenser and PM 2.5 filter, ideal for year-round comfort and cleaner air.
The Lloyd 1.5 ton 3 star Hot & Cold Inverter Split AC features a 5-in-1 convertible system for year-round cooling and heating. With copper coils, an anti-viral + PM 2.5 filter, and anti-corrosion coating, this AC ensures clean air and long-lasting durability.
It’s one of the best hot and cold ACs in 2025, offering efficient temperature control for both summer and winter months. The stylish white design with a red deco strip adds a touch of elegance to your room.
What are buyers saying on Amazon?
Buyers appreciate the reliable heating and cooling performance, along with its air-purifying features.
Why choose this product?
The Lloyd 1.5 ton hot and cold AC provides great air quality, durability, and year-round comfort with its advanced filter system.
The Panasonic 1.5 ton 3 star Hot & Cold Inverter Split AC offers a wide operating range from -7 to 55°C, ensuring comfort in all seasons. With a 7-in-1 convertible mode, it adapts to your cooling and heating needs efficiently.
The PM 0.1 filter provides clean air, while the 2-way swing allows optimal airflow throughout the room. This unit is one of the best hot and cold ACs in 2025, offering reliable performance and superior air quality.
What are buyers saying on Amazon?
Buyers love its versatile operation and ability to handle extreme temperatures.
Why choose this product?
It delivers reliable comfort throughout the year, with advanced features like high airflow and a PM 0.1 filter for better air quality.
The Voltas 1.5 ton 3 star hot and cold Inverter Split AC offers efficient cooling and heating for year-round comfort. Equipped with a copper condenser and an anti-dust filter, it ensures clean, fresh air while operating quietly.
Its inverter technology provides steady temperature control, making it ideal for both hot and cold climates. This is one of the best hot and cold ACs in 2025, designed to offer consistent cooling and heating with added durability.
What Are buyers saying on Amazon?
Buyers appreciate its long-lasting build and efficient performance throughout the year.
Why choose this product?
It offers reliable performance with its anti-dust filter and copper condenser, making it ideal for both cooling and heating needs.
The Daikin 1 ton 3 star Hot and Cold Inverter Split AC is designed for year-round comfort, offering both cooling and heating capabilities. It features a copper condenser and a PM 2.5 filter, which purifies the air while providing efficient temperature control.
Ideal for smaller rooms, this unit ensures effective cooling in summer and warmth in winter. One of the best hot and cold ACs in 2025, it delivers consistent and reliable climate control throughout the year.
What are buyers saying on Amazon?
Buyers appreciate its consistent performance and air filtration feature, making it ideal for year-round use.
Why choose this product?
It provides a great solution for cooling and heating needs, with air purification and durability.
The Haier 1.5 ton 3 star Hot and Cold Triple Inverter Split AC is built for extreme climates, working efficiently between -15°C to 60°C. It offers a 7-in-1 convertible feature, making it adaptable for cooling or heating.
With a copper condenser and HD filter, it delivers clean air while ensuring powerful cooling and heating. The air throw extends up to 20 meters, making it suitable for large rooms. One of the best hot and cold ACs in 2025, this model guarantees year-round comfort.
What are buyers saying on Amazon?
Buyers are impressed by its reliable performance in both heating and cooling, especially for large rooms.
Why choose this product?
It’s ideal for extreme weather and large spaces, providing consistent comfort throughout the year.
The Blue Star 1.5 ton 3 star Hot and Cold Inverter Split AC offers efficient year-round cooling and heating with its 5-in-1 convertible system. Featuring a copper condenser, multi-sensors for smarter operation, and self-diagnosis for easy maintenance, this AC ensures a reliable performance in all seasons.
With a 60-month warranty, it stands as one of the best hot and cold ACs in 2025, providing comfort with every use. This model combines advanced technology with durability, making it an ideal choice for consistent comfort in both hot and cold conditions.
What are buyers saying on Amazon?
Buyers appreciate the long warranty and smart features, particularly the self-diagnosis system for easier maintenance.
Why choose this product?
It’s a reliable choice for year-round use, offering advanced features for comfort and convenience.
The Blue Star 2 ton 3 star Hot and Cold Inverter Split AC is designed to provide reliable heating and cooling throughout the year. With a 5-in-1 convertible cooling feature, 4-way swing, and blue fins, it ensures comprehensive air distribution and protection.
The multi-sensors and dust filter further improve air quality. This is one of the best hot and cold ACs in 2025, offering effective climate control and long-lasting performance.
What are buyers saying on Amazon?
Buyers liked its powerful cooling and heating capabilities, especially for larger rooms, along with its effective air purification.
Why choose this product?
A robust and feature-packed AC, providing reliable year-round climate control with exceptional durability.
What is the main advantage of a hot and cold AC over a standard air conditioner?
A hot and cold AC provides both cooling and heating functions in one unit. This makes it a versatile solution for maintaining a comfortable room temperature throughout the year, eliminating the need for separate heating systems during the colder months. The flexibility to switch between hot and cold modes ensures you can adjust to seasonal changes with ease.
How does the inverter technology in a hot and cold AC benefit its performance?
Inverter technology adjusts the compressor speed to maintain a consistent temperature, which leads to lower energy consumption. In hot and cold ACs, this means the system can efficiently switch between heating and cooling modes without large fluctuations in power usage. It helps in reducing electricity bills and extending the lifespan of the unit due to less wear on the compressor.
How does a hot and cold AC handle extreme temperatures?
Many hot and cold ACs, especially in 2025 models, are designed to operate in a wide range of temperatures, from -15°C to 55°C. This means they can effectively cool in the summer and heat in the winter, making them suitable for diverse climates. Features like turbo cooling or heating modes help the unit work efficiently in extreme conditions.
Factors to consider when purchasing the best hot and cold AC:
When purchasing the best hot and cold AC, here are key factors to consider:
Capacity: Ensure the AC has the right cooling and heating capacity for the size of your room. A 1.5-ton unit is typically ideal for rooms up to 150 sq. ft, while larger rooms may require 2-ton units.
Energy Rating: Check the star rating for energy efficiency. Higher-rated models help save on electricity bills. Inverter ACs are more energy-efficient and provide better performance for both heating and cooling.
Temperature Range: Look for units that can operate effectively in a wide temperature range, such as from -15°C to 55°C, to handle extreme weather conditions.
Filters and Air Quality: A good filter system, like PM 2.5 or anti-viral filters, is important for improving indoor air quality by removing dust, allergens, and pollutants.
Convertible Modes: Some models offer multiple cooling and heating modes (like 5-in-1 or 7-in-1), allowing you to adjust settings for different weather conditions and enhance comfort.
Noise Level: Choose an AC that operates quietly, especially for bedrooms or living rooms. Check the decibel levels to ensure minimal noise disruption.
Wi-Fi and Smart Features: For convenience, consider models with Wi-Fi connectivity, allowing you to control the unit remotely through an app or voice assistants.
Durability and Build: Ensure the AC has features like anti-corrosion coating or blue fins, which protect the unit from rust and extend its lifespan, especially in humid environments.
Price and Warranty: Consider the overall cost, including installation and maintenance, as well as warranty coverage for long-term reliability.
Brand Reputation and Reviews: Research the brand’s reputation and read customer reviews to ensure you’re investing in a reliable and high-performing unit.
Top 3 features of the best hot and cold ACs in 2025:
A hot and cold AC is an air conditioner that provides both cooling and heating functions, making it suitable for all seasons.
What capacity should I choose for my room?
A 1.5-ton AC is ideal for rooms up to 150 sq. ft, while larger rooms may require a 2-ton unit.
Are inverter ACs better for hot and cold use?
Yes, inverter ACs are energy-efficient and provide stable temperature control, making them ideal for both heating and cooling.
How do I know if the AC has good air filtration?
Check for features like PM 2.5 filters, anti-dust filters, or anti-viral filters for improved air quality.
What is the typical lifespan of a hot and cold AC?
With proper maintenance, a well-built hot and cold AC can last up to 10-15 years.
Can I use a hot and cold AC in extremely cold weather?
Yes, many models are designed to operate in temperatures as low as -15°C, making them suitable for colder climates.
Disclaimer: At Hindustan Times, we help you stay up-to-date with the latest trends and products. Hindustan Times has an affiliate partnership, so we may get a part of the revenue when you make a purchase. We shall not be liable for any claim under applicable laws, including but not limited to the Consumer Protection Act, 2019, with respect to the products. The products listed in this article are in no particular order of priority.
The International Space Station (ISS), orbiting about 400 kilometres above Earth, is one of humanity’s most extraordinary scientific achievements. It functions as both a home and a research laboratory where astronauts from different countries live and work for extended periods. Life in space is far from ordinary. With limited resources, zero gravity, and isolation from the planet, astronauts face physical and mental challenges every day. But they also experience breathtaking views, scientific discovery, and the unique experience of floating in microgravity. One lesser-known aspect is the strange, metallic smell that lingers after spacewalks, giving space a scent of its own.
What is the daily schedule of astronauts at ISS
Life aboard the ISS is unlike anything on Earth. The space station, roughly the size of an American football field, serves as both a home and a laboratory for astronauts. It usually hosts around six to nine astronauts at a time, but with occasional visitors like Suni Williams and Butch Wilmore, the number can go up temporarily. Daily life is governed by a strict schedule managed by controllers on Earth. Days start early, and time is divided into 5-minute increments. Astronauts rise from their sleeping pods, compact chambers the size of a locker, and begin their day. Each pod contains a laptop, communication tools, and a few drawers for personal items.
Science, sweat, and spacewalks: A routine packed with experiments and exercises
Much of the day is spent conducting scientific experiments, maintaining the station, and exercising. The ISS houses six labs where astronauts monitor their bodies, testing how space impacts their hearts, bones, and muscles. Canadian astronaut Chris Hadfield once said, “We are like laboratory animals,” referring to the research conducted on human health in microgravity. Exercise is crucial. Astronauts work out for two hours each day using special machines to counteract the effects of weightlessness on their bones and muscles. As Nicole Scott, who spent over 100 days aboard the ISS, puts it, “Space can age your bones faster than Earth ever could.”
How often do astronauts change clothes
Despite all the effort, astronauts sweat, but there are no washing machines. Clothes don’t get dirty as fast in space due to reduced contact with the body, so they wear garments longer than usual. Eventually, old clothes are packed into cargo capsules and burned up during re-entry into Earth’s atmosphere.
How do astronauts eat
Mealtimes are a communal affair. Food is delivered in dehydrated packets or vacuum-sealed containers, rehydrated before eating, and often categorised by the astronauts’ home country. Favourites include Japanese curry, Russian soup, and occasionally, treats sent from family back on Earth. Bread is replaced by tortillas to avoid floating crumbs, which can be hazardous in zero gravity.
Free time and entertainment
After a long day, astronauts relax by calling their families, watching Earth from the Cupola observatory, listening to music, or journaling. Hadfield, a former commander of the ISS, often played guitar and wrote music during his downtime.
What does space smell like
The “smell of space” is one of the most fascinating aspects of astronaut life. According to Helen Sharman, the first British astronaut, when astronauts return from a spacewalk, their suits and tools carry a strange scent. Described as a metallic or burnt odour, like hot metal or welding fumes, this smell comes from the interaction of cosmic radiation with the outer layers of the equipment. It is so distinct that astronauts often associate it with space itself.
The psychological and physical toll
Living in confined quarters, isolated from family, and surrounded by mechanical hums makes sleep difficult. The designated sleep time is eight hours, but many astronauts find it hard to rest, instead choosing to gaze down at Earth, glowing silently below. NASA carefully selects astronauts for their mental strength, calmness, and ability to work in teams. These are essential traits for surviving the demanding and isolated conditions of space.
Google Maps has become the quintessential travel tool for many of us. People use it to scout locations, find routes, and much more. Also, over the years, Google has added several new features to the app, keeping it relevant and useful.
While using Google Maps, the party of four from Hyderabad drove into a stream swollen with water near Kuruppanthara, Kerala (Representative image). (Unsplash/isaacmehegan)
With that in mind, and considering how many are now planning their summer holidays, we’ve put together a list of handy features that are sure to come in useful during your travels. Read on for the details.
Know Local Air Quality
Nowadays, when it comes to major cities and hotspots in any city, chances are the air quality might not be the best. And if you’re particular about it, you can now check local air quality in that specific area. All you need to do is open the Google Maps app.
Tap on the little icon that sits below your profile. You can tap on it, and then you’ll see various map types and map details. Simply select ‘Air Quality’ under map details, and here you’ll see air quality for local regions.
For instance, if you want to go to Chandni Chowk, you can tap on it, and it will reflect the local air quality.
This can come in quite handy, especially if you’re considering whether to pack a mask or not.
How many times has it happened that you visited a specific place while travelling, but because it was an unfamiliar city, you couldn’t recall exactly where it was? Imagine the place served really good pasta, but now you simply can’t remember where it was.
To go back and identify the place, simply open the Timeline in your Google Maps app. But it’s important that you enable this feature in the first place by adjusting your Google Maps permission settings. Using this, you can track your whereabouts from a specific day. It will show your complete activity on the map, allowing you to trace where you went and identify the location.
Check Ticket Prices For Monuments
Imagine you’re visiting New Delhi and want to visit Humayun’s Tomb. In this case, you can simply search for the monument on Google Maps and scroll down to see ticket prices. You’ll find official site prices as well as some third-party listings. You’ll also see information including timings and more.
Scout A Specific Place Beforehand
Keeping the Humayun’s Tomb example in mind, you can check out a location before visiting it. When you search for a place, you’ll see a 360-degree icon above the name. Tap on it to access the local Street View. You can navigate your way around using the arrows, giving you a preview of the area you’re about to visit.
You can also do the same via map details by selecting ‘Street View’. Tap on a specific street and a preview will load.
Download Maps Offline For Places Where There Is No Cellular Reception
If you’re visiting an unfamiliar place and unsure about signal reception, specially in the mountains, considering many of us travel there during peak summer, you should definitely download that specific map offline.
This ensures you don’t lose your way and can navigate easily, even without cellular reception.
