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Japan reports $63 billion trade surplus with U.S. as it talks with Donald Trump on tariffs

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Japan reports  billion trade surplus with U.S. as it talks with Donald Trump on tariffs


Workers load a container on a cargo ship at an industrial port in Tokyo, Japan. File
| Photo Credit: Reuters

Japan recorded a trade deficit in its March-April fiscal year but racked up a surplus with the U.S., the Finance Ministry reported Thursday (April 17, 2025).

Japan’s global trade deficit totalled ¥5.2 trillion ($37 billion) for the fiscal year through March, for the fourth straight year of deficits, according to the provisional statistics.

The surplus with the U.S. ballooned to ¥9 trillion ($63 billion).

Exports to the U.S. are a contentious issue for U.S. President Donald Trump and Japanese negotiators are in Washington to argue their case against higher U.S. tariffs. Japan is a key longtime U.S. ally and major investor in the U.S., employing hundreds of thousands of Americans.

Mr. Trump said on April 2 that he planned to impose a 24% tariff on imports from Japan as part of an announcement of higher tariffs on dozens of countries. After financial markets panicked, he put a partial 90-day hold on the import taxes, while increasing his already steep tariffs on Chinese goods to as much as 145%.

Japan still faces a 10% baseline tariff and a 25% tax on imported cars, auto parts, steel and aluminum exports. Most of those duties took effect recently, but they pose a grave challenge for embattled Japanese Prime Minister Shigeru Ishiba.

Some analysts say Tokyo could at some point announce surprise concessions, like importing more American rice. Rice holds a special place in the Japanese psyche as the nation’s staple and has long been a protected sector in Japan. But recently a rice shortage has been pushing up prices.

Japan’s annual exports climbed 5.9% from a year earlier, helped by strong shipments of goods like computer chips and vehicles. Imports rose 4.7% cent. But a weaker Japanese yen made imports more costly.

A recent influx of foreign tourists to Japan has pushed exports higher, since such spending counts as exports.

For the month of March, Japan recorded a trade surplus of ¥544 billion ($4 billion). Exports climbed nearly 4% from a year earlier, for the sixth straight month of gains, although the surge was slower than in February.

Exports to the U.S. rose 3%, while shipments to the rest of Asia grew 5.5%. Exports to China fell, while shipments to Hong Kong, Taiwan and South Korea surged.

“This is likely due to the rerouting of exports within Asia to avoid tariff conflicts with the U.S.,” Min Joo Kang, a senior economist at ING, said in a report.



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Electric two-wheeler maker Ather Energy sets IPO price band at ₹304-321/share

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Electric two-wheeler maker Ather Energy sets IPO price band at ₹304-321/share


Representative image
| Photo Credit: Reuters

Electric two-wheeler maker Ather Energy Ltd on Wednesday (April 23, 2025) said it has fixed a price band of ₹304 to ₹321 a piece for its ₹2,981 crore Initial Public Offering (IPO).

The issue will be open for public subscription from April 28 to April 30.

The bidding for anchor investors will open for a day on April 25, the company announced. This will be the first mainboard public issue of the current financial year (2025-26).

The IPO will be a combination of fresh issue of equity shares worth ₹2,626 crore, and an Offer-For-Sale (OFS) of 1.1 crore equity shares by promoters and other shareholders.

Ather intends to raise funds for the establishment of an electric two-wheeler factory in Maharashtra and for debt reduction. At the upper end of the price band, the IPO size is pegged at ₹2,981 crore, placing the company’s overall valuation at ₹11,956 crore.

This will be the second electric two-wheeler company looking to go public after Ola Electric Mobility floated its ₹6,145 crore IPO in August last year.

Ola Electric’s IPO had a fresh issue of up to ₹5,500 crore and an OFS of up to 8.5 crore equity shares.

Apart from its IPO plans, Ather Energy has also been expanding its research and development capabilities. Recently, the company announced the expansion of its R&D and testing capabilities at its product testing & validation centre.

The electric two-wheeler company has set aside 75% of the issue for qualified institutional buyers, 15% for non-institutional investors and the remaining 10% for retail investors.

Axis Capital, JM Financial, Nomura Financial Advisory and Securities (India), and HSBC Securities & Capital Markets are the IPO’s book-running lead managers. The equity shares of the company are expected to list on May 6 on the stock exchanges.



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Donald Trump’s tariffs: Why it could be a key manufacturing moment for India – Times of India

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Donald Trump’s tariffs: Why it could be a key manufacturing moment for India – Times of India


While the coming months will shape the future of global trade dynamics, the temporary suspension of US reciprocal tariffs provides India a unique window. (AI image)

By Kunal Chaudhary
The U.S. has announced a 90-day temporary pause on the imposition of the higher reciprocal tariffs on its trading partners. In a notable policy shift, the announcement came just hours after higher reciprocal tariffs had taken effect.While the temporary pause signals a potential softening of the tariff approach amid ongoing negotiations, the universal 10% base tariff on all imports will remain in place during this period. At the same time, the U.S increased tariffs on goods from China to 125%, citing China’s “lack of respect” after the country retaliated by announcing an 84% on U.S. imports.
The U.S. reciprocal tariffs on China are set to cause major disruptions to global supply chains, forcing American companies to explore alternative suppliers. This creates a significant opportunity for India to step up as a key trading partner, especially as trade conflicts with China continue. As global businesses look to further diversify their supply chains away from China, India has the chance to strategically position itself as a viable alternative, capitalizing on this shift to boost exports, attract investments, and enhance its manufacturing capabilities.
Electronics is one of the key sectors for India to gain with India’s exports valued at nearly USD 14 Bn. Electronics play a critical role in global trade, with countries like China dominating the exports landscape (i.e., with a market share of >30%). Though India’s export market share is in low single digits and steadily growing, the US’s 125% tariff on Chinese electronics imports, including smartphones, laptops, and other electronic devices, makes Indian manufactured products more competitive in the American market.Global brands such as Apple, which already use India as a key export hub, would likely increase production in the country to avoid higher costs associated with Chinese imports. This could lead to a surge in Indian exports of finished electronic devices and even components like batteries, circuit boards, and displays.
The additional demand for non-Chinese suppliers, also presents a unique opportunity for Indian Electronics manufacturers to expand and scale up operations and capture a larger share of the global market. India’s strategic initiatives such as the Production-Linked Incentive (PLI) schemes for smartphones, IT hardware, telecom products, and the newly introduced PLI for electronics component manufacturing, can collectively enhance India’s competitiveness by lowering cost barriers for exports.
As a strategic move, the Trump administration continued the exclusion of semiconductors from reciprocal tariffs, acknowledging their irreplaceable role. Semiconductors being crucial for national security and technological advancement, disrupting their supply could have led to significant implications.
The U.S. is actively promoting domestic semiconductor manufacturing through the U.S. CHIPS Act, which allocates $52 Bn for local semiconductor production. With significant investments already being made in new facilities and technologies by large chip makers of world like Intel & TSMC, exempting reciprocal tariffs supports this domestic growth strategy. Further, the current global semiconductor supply chain is deeply entrenched and complex, with maximum production already taking place in Taiwan & South Korea, disrupting this network would be challenging and relocating the existing capacity would take decades and investment of very large scale.
It is expected that the current pause offers a window for diplomatic engagement for initiating negotiations for trade agreements with the U.S. The pause in reciprocal tariffs aligns with India’s broader efforts to enhance US-India trade relations as both nations actively work towards a Bilateral Trade Agreement (BTA) aimed at doubling bilateral trade to $500 billion by 2030. To maintain a strong position in global trade and further strengthen its role as an alternative global manufacturing hub, India can look to deepen economic cooperation with the US, forging strategic partnerships and collaborations with U.S.that promote mutual benefits, minimize reciprocal tariff and drive sustained long-term export growth.
While the coming months will shape the future of global trade dynamics, the temporary suspension of US reciprocal tariffs provides India a unique window to enhance its bilateral relations. By addressing existing challenges, improving market access to the US, and leveraging strategic initiatives like “Make in India,” India can position itself as a reliable global supplier and accelerate its economic growth trajectory.
(Kunal Chaudhary is Tax Partner, EY India. Vaibhav Anand, Director-Tax, EY India, also contributed to the article.)





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Rupee falls 15 paise to 85.34 against U.S. dollar in early trade

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Rupee falls 15 paise to 85.34 against U.S. dollar in early trade


Rupee weakens against dollar as Donald Trump softens stance, boosting U.S. indices and dollar index, while oil prices rise. File
| Photo Credit: The Hindu

Rupee depreciated 15 paise to 85.34 against the U.S. dollar in early trade on Wednesday (April 23, 2025), after the American currency recovered supported by U.S. President Donald Trump’s softened stance – particularly towards the Federal Reserve and against China.

Forex traders said the market found support after Mr. Trump on Tuesday (April 22, 2025) backed off from threats to fire FED Chair Jerome Powell after days of intensifying criticism against him for not cutting rates. Mr. Trump also signalled the possibility of lower tariffs against China.

The dollar index rose to 99.28, while the U.S. 10-year bond yield was slightly lower at 4.34%. All three U.S. indices gained by more than 2.5% in consequence of Mr. Trump’s softened stance.

At the interbank foreign exchange, the domestic unit opened at 85.24 then fell to 85.34 against the greenback in early deals, registering a loss of 15 paise over its previous closing level.

On Tuesday (April 22, 2025), the rupee settled lower by 4 paise at 85.19 against the U.S. dollar.

Meanwhile, the dollar index, which gauges the greenback’s strength against a basket of six currencies, was trading higher by 0.37% at 99.28.

The dollar index rose after Mr. Trump said that he had no intention of firing Powell but would like to see him more active in terms of his ideas to lower interests,” Anil Kumar Bhansali, Head of Treasury and Executive Director Finrex Treasury Advisors LLP.

Brent crude, the global oil benchmark, rose 0.83% to $68 per barrel in futures trade, extending the prior day’s gains as investors weighed a fresh round of sanctions against Iran and a drop in U.S. crude stocks while a softer tone from Mr. Trump on the Federal Reserve helped markets recover.

“With the dollar rebound and domestic demand, the USD-INR pair is expected to trade in a range between 85.00-85.40 levels,” CR Forex Advisors MD – Amit Pabari said.

In the domestic equity market, the 30-share BSE Sensex rose by 418.53 points, or 0.53%, to 80,014.12, while the Nifty advanced 113.95 points, or 0.47%, to 24,281.20.

Foreign institutional investors (FIIs) bought equities worth Rs 1,290.43 crore on a net basis on Tuesday (April 22, 2025), according to exchange data.



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