NEW DELHI: Bharatiya Janata Party on Thursday criticised the Congress for taking credit for the inclusion of caste-based enumeration in the upcoming census and questioned why previous Congress governments had failed to implement such a move.
Slamming Congress’ slogan “Sarkar tumhari, system humara” (Your government, our system), Union Minister Dharmendra Pradhan said that former Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru was a “staunch opponent of caste-based reservations,” which is why a caste census was not conducted under his leadership.
Addressing a press conference, Pradhan said, “They claim the government is theirs, and the system is ours. When this issue was raised, it should have been discussed openly. The country deserves to know the truth. In 1951, whose government was it? Whose system was in place? The last caste census was conducted in 1931. The country wasn’t independent in 1941, so it wasn’t done then. But in 1951, who was in power? It was the late Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru.”
“This is well known. If it weren’t for Babasaheb Ambedkar and Mahatma Gandhi, social sensitivity wouldn’t be a national concern. If the advice of the Constituent Assembly had not been heeded, there would be no reservations today. Why? Because the first Prime Minister, Pandit Nehru, strongly opposed caste-based reservations. His opposition wasn’t limited to words—he even wrote letters to state chief ministers at the time, warning that caste-based opportunities would degrade quality,” he added.
Pradhan further targeted the Gandhi family for not acting on the Kaka Kalelkar Report and the Mandal Commission Report.
“Who controlled the system? Who decided to suppress the Kaka Kalelkar Committee report for years? Even then, the so-called ‘First Family,’ which now speaks so arrogantly, held the reins of power. The command lay with their grandmother, the then Prime Minister, the late Indira Gandhi,” he said.
“The Janata Party government introduced the Mandal Commission in 1977 to realign the course of social justice. At that time, the BJP, in its earlier form as Jan Sangh, was part of the Janata Party. Leaders like Atal Bihari Vajpayee and Lal Krishna Advani were part of that government. But who kept the Mandal Commission report locked away for a decade? Who was in power? It was the Congress Party. This is sheer hypocrisy and arrogance,” he added.
His remarks come after the Congress credited the Modi government’s decision to conduct a caste-based census to Rahul Gandhi’s persistent advocacy, calling it a victory for his vision.
“Rahul Gandhi ji said, ‘Start counting.’ Now the Modi government is making arrangements for the count,” Congress leader Jairam Ramesh wrote on X (formerly Twitter). “When our leader Shri Rahul Gandhi ji called the caste census the ‘X-ray of society,’ the ruling party mocked him, ignored him, and delayed action.”
“He has long demanded this—raising the issue repeatedly in Parliament, at public gatherings, and during his travels. But how long can the voice of millions demanding their rights be ignored? Now that the Modi government has agreed to conduct a caste census, we say—better late than never! This is a significant step toward ensuring social justice. It is a victory for millions of Indians who have long fought for equality, fairness, and representation,” Ramesh added.
A caste census is systematic recording of individuals’ caste identities during a national census. In India, where caste deeply influences social, economic, and political life, such data can provide critical insights into the distribution and socio-economic status of various caste groups. This information is vital for shaping policies related to affirmative action and social justice.
Caste enumeration was a routine feature of census exercises during British rule, from 1881 to 1931. However, with the first census of independent India in 1951, the practice was discontinued—except for the enumeration of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes.